British to American -American to British
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14.October 2009
1.Warm-up:Transate the words in one of the columns into English.
| English | Spanish | French | German |
| de última hora | de dernière minute. | in letzter Minute | |
| resistente | résistant | stark | |
| sujetapapeles | |||
| higado | foie | Leber | |
| rinon | rognon | Niere | |
| habilidad para la jardinería | avoir la main verte | ||
| guante | gant | Handschuh |
2. Think of some stereotypes about the BRITISH.
3. Make up a story of a family with 6 members. Write about characters, jobs, likes and dislikes.
Send it to this address: bekoedit@yahoo.com
4.Check out the English-foreign languages dictionaries
21.October 2009
1. Physical description-vocabulary
Body
posture testtartás
aura aura
complexion bőr színe
condition kondició
figure alak
physique fizikum
gesture gesztus
impression benyomás
manner modor
nature természet
general általában
for the first look első látásra
tall magas
short alacsony
thin vékony
skinny anorákos
sicky gebe
to have a slender figure karcsú alakja van
wasp-waisted darázsderekú
bareboned kákabélű
obese túlsúlyos
roundish telt
fat kövér
a bit overweight molett
chubby pufók
ugly randa
weak gyenge
rich gazdag
poor szegény
neat csinos
good looking jóképű
handsome jóképű2
elegant elegáns
untidy rendetlen
plump lompos
looks kinézet
...a girl of medium height közepesen magas
stocky köpcös
broad shouldered szélesvállú
to wear glasses szemüveget visel
to have tattoo tetkója van
to wear jewellery ékszert visel
athletic sportos
well-built jó felépítésű
sharpfeatured markáns
be in her late/mid/early ...s késői/korai/közepe.éveiben
looks younger of her age koránál fiatalabbnak néz ki
he is in his ...-ies ... éveiben jár
he is …years old. x éves
She is a …year old girl. Ő egy xéves lány.
She looks about…. x-évesnek néz ki.
She is fiftish. Olyan ötvenes.
1 inch 2,5cm
1 stone 6,5kg
1 foot 30cm
height magasság
weight súly
well-dressed jólöltözött
causally dressed lezser
fashionable divatos
distinguishing features megkülönböztető jelek
mole anyajegy
birth mark anyajegy2
pock -marked ragyás
shabby toprongyos
To judge by appearance külső után ítélni
build felépítés
popeyed kocsányon lógó szemű
head fej
cheek orca
high forehead magas homlok
forehead homlok
heart shaped szívalakú
friendly barátságos
square szögletes
hollow face beesett
oval ovális
round kerek
poker faced pókerarcú
chin áll
double chin toka
pointed chin hegyes áll
cleft chin Jáksó László-féle
van dyke v-szakáll
full beard körszakáll
sideburns pajesz
whiskers pofaszakáll
handlebars felkunkorodó bajusz
goatee beard kecskeszakáll
moustache bajusz
beard szakáll
clean shaven borotvált
5 o'clock shadow borosta
have stubble borostás
hair szőr
hairy szőrős
dry száraz
oily zsíros
hair2 haj
his hair is... a haja…
short rövid
long hosszú
spiky tüskés
curly göndör
straight egyenes
wavy hullámos
shoulder length középhosszú
get/go gray őszül
mousey őszes
dyed festett
bleached szőkített
coloured színezett
highlighted melírozott
red vörös
chestnut gesztenyebarna
fair szőkésbarna
brown barna
brownish barnás
blond platinaszőke
hazel mogyoróbarna
ginger vörösesszőke
black fekete
balding kopaszodó
bald kopasz
bold merész
thinning ritkuló
a brunette barna nő
a blonde szőke nő
wig paróka
nose orr
small nose pici orr
turned up nose turcsi
wide nose széles
roman nose sasorr
copper nose borvirágos
bottle nose borvirágos2
snub/pug pisze pisze
pointed hegyes
shovel-nose boxolóorr
sharp nose keskeny
hooked nose kampós orr
pale sápadt
pale complexion fehér a bőre
suntanned napbarnított
sunburnt napégette
weather-beaten cserzett
well made-up jól sminkelt
creole kreolbőrű
high cheekboned kiugró arccsonttú
visage arc2
face arc
swept back hátrafésült
braid copf fonat
afro-look afro frizura
with plaits fonott
in a bun kontyban
dreadlocks raszta
chaplet koszorúba font haj
pig tails varkocs
pony tail lófarok
swept back hátrafésült
side parting választék
butch nagyon rövid haj
crew-cut katonafrizura
fringe frufru
mane sörény
permanent wave dauerolt
parted in the middle középen elválasztott
cow lick forgó
have dandruffs korpás
eyebrow szemöldök
bushy sűrű
long eyelashes hosszú szempillák
plucked eyebrows ritkított szemöldök
eyes szemek
She has ….eyes. …szeme van.
almond-eyed mandulavágású
blue kék
green zöld
greenish zöldes
cross-eyed kancsal
google eyed gülüszemű
baggy eyes táskás szemek
short-sighted rövidlátó
blind in one eye egyik szemére vak
black eye monokli
pink eye gyulladt szem
blind vak
mouth száj
lip ajak
full telt
narrow keskeny
wide mouthed szélesszájú
muttering motyogó
stammering dadogó
chip toothed törött fogú
cauliflower ear nagy,húsos fül
jug-eared elálló fülű
ears fülek
scar sebhely
freckle szeplő
liver spot májfolt
spotted pattanásos
dimple gödröcske
cheek orca
foot lábfej
feet lábfejek
flat footed lúdtalpas
knock-kneed x-lábú
bowlegged O-lábú
pigeon-toed befelé csámpás
wall-toed kifelé csámpás
cross-legged csámpás
limping bicegő
bare footed mezítlábas
bended leg görbe láb
spinal deformation gerincferdülés
3. Quiz time: What is your attractive rating?
3.Listening comprehension
| You suck my .............. like a leech You break the law and you preach Screw my ...................till it hurts You've taken all my money And you want more Misguided old mule with your pig headed rules With your narrow minded cronies Who are fools of the first division Death on two ................ You're tearing me apart Death on two ............ You've never had a ............of your own Kill joy bad guy big talking small fry You're just an old barrow boy Have you found a new toy to replace me? Can you face me? But now you can kiss my ............... goodbye Feel good are you satisfied? Do you feel like suicide? (I think you should) Is your conscience all right Does it plague you at night? Do you feel good feel good? You talk like a big business tycoon You're just a hot air balloon So no one gives you a damn You're just an overgrown schoolboy Let me tan your hide A dog with disease You're the king of the 'sleaze' Put your money where your mouth is Mister know-all Was the fin on your back Part of the deal? (Shark) Death on two ............ You're tearing me apart Death on two .............. You've never had a ............... (you never did) of your own (Right from the start) Insane you should be put inside You're a sewer rat decaying in a cesspool of pride Should be made unemployed Then make yourself null and void Make me feel good I feel good |
4 November 2009
Phrasal verbs: interactive exercises
Body language
non-verbal communication
meas:facial expressions
exe behaviour
gestures
posture
a nod
a wink
crooked finger
arched eyebrow
As it is culture specific find some examples of differences.
What is non-verbal communication?Definition (CBC): “nonverbal communication involves those nonverbal stimuli in a communication setting that are generated by both the source [speaker] and his or her use of the environment and that have potential message value for the source or receiver [listener] (Samovar et al). Basically it is sending and receiving messages in a variety of ways without the use of verbal codes (words). It is both intentional and unintentional. Most speakers / listeners are not conscious of this. It includes — but is not limited to:
Why is non-verbal communication important?
- touch
- glance
- eye contact (gaze)
- volume
- vocal nuance
- proximity
- gestures
- facial expression ? pause (silence)
- intonation
- dress
- posture
- smell
- word choice and syntax
- sounds (paralanguage)
Broadly speaking, there are two basic categories of non-verbal language:
nonverbal messages produced by the body;
nonverbal messages produced by the broad setting (time, space, silence)Basically, it is one of the key aspects of communication (and especially important in a high-context culture). It has multiple functions:
- Used to repeat the verbal message (e.g. point in a direction while stating directions.
- Often used to accent a verbal message. (e.g. verbal tone indicates the actual meaning of the specific words).
- Often complement the verbal message but also may contradict. E.g.: a nod reinforces a positive message (among Americans); a “wink” may contradict a stated positive message.
- Regulate interactions (non-verbal cues covey when the other person should speak or not speak).
- May substitute for the verbal message (especially if it is blocked by noise, interruption, etc) — i.e. gestures (finger to lips to indicate need for quiet), facial expressions (i.e. a nod instead of a yes).
Note the implications of the proverb: “Actions speak louder than words.” In essence, this underscores the importance of non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication is especially significant in intercultural situations. Probably non-verbal differences account for typical difficulties in communicating.
Cultural Differences in Non-verbal Communication
- General Appearance and Dress
All cultures are concerned for how they look and make judgements based on looks and dress. Americans, for instance, appear almost obsessed with dress and personal attractiveness. Consider differing cultural standards on what is attractive in dress and on what constitutes modesty. Note ways dress is used as a sign of status?
- Body Movement
We send information on attitude toward person (facing or leaning towards another), emotional statue (tapping fingers, jiggling coins), and desire to control the environment (moving towards or away from a person).
More than 700,000 possible motions we can make — so impossible to categorize them all! But just need to be aware the body movement and position is a key ingredient in sending messages.
- Posture
Consider the following actions and note cultural differences:
- Bowing (not done, criticized, or affected in US; shows rank in Japan)
- Slouching (rude in most Northern European areas)
- Hands in pocket (disrespectful in Turkey)
- Sitting with legs crossed (offensive in Ghana, Turkey)
- Showing soles of feet. (Offensive in Thailand, Saudi Arabia)
- Gestures
Impossible to catalog them all. But need to recognize: 1) incredible possibility and variety and 2) that an acceptable in one’s own culture may be offensive in another. In addition, amount of gesturing varies from culture to culture. Some cultures are animated; other restrained. Restrained cultures often feel animated cultures lack manners and overall restraint. Animated cultures often feel restrained cultures lack emotion or interest.
Even simple things like using hands to point and count differ.
Pointing : US with index finger; Germany with little finger; Japanese with entire hand (in fact most Asians consider pointing with index finger to be rude)
Counting: Thumb = 1 in Germany, 5 in Japan, middle finger for 1 in Indonesia.
- Facial Expressions
While some say that facial expressions are identical, meaning attached to them differs. Majority opinion is that these do have similar meanings world-wide with respect to smiling, crying, or showing anger, sorrow, or disgust. However, the intensity varies from culture to culture. Note the following:
- Many Asian cultures suppress facial expression as much as possible.
- Many Mediterranean (Latino / Arabic) cultures exaggerate grief or sadness while most American men hide grief or sorrow.
- Some see “animated” expressions as a sign of a lack of control.
- Too much smiling is viewed in as a sign of shallowness.
- Women smile more than men.
- Eye Contact and Gaze
In USA, eye contact indicates: degree of attention or interest, influences attitude change or persuasion, regulates interaction, communicates emotion, defines power and status, and has a central role in managing impressions of others.
- Western cultures — see direct eye to eye contact as positive (advise children to look a person in the eyes). But within USA, African-Americans use more eye contact when talking and less when listening with reverse true for Anglo Americans. This is a possible cause for some sense of unease between races in US. A prolonged gaze is often seen as a sign of sexual interest.
- Arabic cultures make prolonged eye-contact. — believe it shows interest and helps them understand truthfulness of the other person. (A person who doesn’t reciprocate is seen as untrustworthy)
- Japan, Africa, Latin American, Caribbean — avoid eye contact to show respect.
- Touch
Question: Why do we touch, where do we touch, and what meanings do we assign when someone else touches us?
Illustration: An African-American male goes into a convenience store recently taken over by new Korean immigrants. He gives a $20 bill for his purchase to Mrs Cho who is cashier and waits for his change. He is upset when his change is put down on the counter in front of him.
What is the problem? Traditional Korean (and many other Asian countries) don’t touch strangers., especially between members of the opposite sex. But the African-American sees this as another example of discrimination (not touching him because he is black).
Basic answer: Touch is culturally determined! But each culture has a clear concept of what parts of the body one may not touch. Basic message of touch is to affect or control — protect, support, disapprove (i.e. hug, kiss, hit, kick).
- USA — handshake is common (even for strangers), hugs, kisses for those of opposite gender or of family (usually) on an increasingly more intimate basis. Note differences between African-Americans and Anglos in USA. Most African Americans touch on greeting but are annoyed if touched on the head (good boy, good girl overtones).
- Islamic and Hindu: typically don’t touch with the left hand. To do so is a social insult. Left hand is for toilet functions. Mannerly in India to break your bread only with your right hand (sometimes difficult for non-Indians)
- Islamic cultures generally don’t approve of any touching between genders (even hand shakes). But consider such touching (including hand holding, hugs) between same-sex to be appropriate.
- Many Asians don’t touch the head (Head houses the soul and a touch puts it in jeopardy).
Basic patterns: Cultures (English , German, Scandinavian, Chinese, Japanese) with high emotional restraint concepts have little public touch; those which encourage emotion (Latino, Middle-East, Jewish) accept frequent touches.
- Smell
- USA — fear of offensive natural smells (billion dollar industry to mask objectionable odors with what is perceived to be pleasant ) — again connected with “attractiveness” concept.
- Many other cultures consider natural body odors as normal (Arabic).
- Asian cultures (Filipino, Malay, Indonesian, Thai, Indian) stress frequent bathing
- Paralanguage
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- vocal characterizers (laugh, cry, yell, moan, whine, belch, yawn). These send different messages in different cultures (Japan — giggling indicates embarrassment; India – belch indicates satisfaction)
- vocal qualifiers (volume, pitch, rhythm, tempo, and tone). Loudness indicates strength in Arabic cultures and softness indicates weakness; indicates confidence and authority to the Germans,; indicates impoliteness to the Thais; indicates loss of control to the Japanese. (Generally, one learns not to “shout” in Asia for nearly any reason!). Gender based as well: women tend to speak higher and more softly than men.
- vocal segregates (un-huh, shh, uh, ooh, mmmh, humm, eh, mah, lah). Segregates indicate formality, acceptance, assent, uncertainty.
11.11.2009
18.11.2009
25.11.2009
középfokú nyelvtankönyv(sulineten) :feltételes mód,álmúlt
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02.12.2009